CHICAGO (AP)
-- The adult ads on Backpage.com are endless - written in a sort of
risque code to avoid implying something illegal, yet still obvious
invitations for sex, adorned with suggestive photos and videos.
Many in
the fight against sex trafficking loathe the website, particularly since
some escorts in the ads have turned out to be minors who've been forced
into the sex trade.
An Illinois sheriff is
among those targeting Backpage and recently helped convince Visa and
Mastercard to stop providing payment services to the site.
"Whoever
it is that's facilitating these horrible crimes, we can't just sit back
and say, `Well, that's OK. I guess it's a business model,'" said Thomas
Dart, the sheriff in Cook County, Illinois, which includes Chicago.
He
spoke to The Associated Press the day before a judge issued a
restraining order, preventing Dart from making further comment until a
Backpage lawsuit against him - seeking a retraction of his statements to
credit card companies and damages for lost revenue - is resolved.
Meanwhile, Backpage, with headquarters in Dallas and a parent
corporation in Amsterdam, has continued to operate, allowing users to
place free basic ads in its adult category.
Backpage
attorneys, citing the First Amendment and federal statutes, argue that a
public figure shouldn't be allowed to interfere with a law-abiding
company's ability to do e-commerce.
Liz
McDougall, general counsel, has long said that Backpage simply provides
space for the ads but doesn't create the content. And she takes it a
step further, claiming that Backpage routinely works behind the scenes
with law enforcement to help put traffickers behind bars.
When
it comes to fighting sex trafficking, "I am a true believer that this
is one of the most valuable tools there is on the Internet," said
McDougall, who's based in Los Angeles.
At
least one anti-trafficking group has been willing to work with Backpage
to rescue young women and has accepted substantial donations from the
site.
And even as some in law enforcement
point a finger of blame at Backpage, others on the front lines of the
fight against sex trafficking see the site as an ally - even if
sometimes uncomfortably so.
"I don't feel like
demonizing them is the appropriate response. I feel like we should be
working with them and focusing on ... things that could make a
difference," said Sgt. Grant Snyder, the lead detective on the human
trafficking team at the Minneapolis Police Department.
Like
officials in other big-city departments, he confirms that he regularly
gets information directly from Backpage that helps convict traffickers
and rescue victims. "It helps us recover more victims. It helps us
recover them sooner."
Dart says the help
hardly justifies the crush of ads the site creates. He estimated that
the company, in April alone, published more than 1.4 million adult
services ads and made at least $9 million.
Some
ads are posted by sex workers such as Grace Marie, a dominatrix in Los
Angeles who tweeted recently to complain about Dart's campaign.
"As
a system, Backpage is decidedly anti-pimp. It creates a direct and
easy-to-use interface between providers and clients," Grace Marie said
when contacted by the AP. She uses her first and middle names in her
work and asked that her last name not be used, citing safety concerns
and the fact that her work is illegal.
The bigger concern among law enforcement, however, is sex trafficking.
Victims
are not always, as many think, women or children smuggled in from
foreign countries to work as sex slaves. Police say sex trafficking is
as much a homegrown crime - with victims who could be from just around
the corner, controlled by pimps with drugs and alcohol or threats.
Its critics claim that Backpage helps promote this illegal trade.
"How
is it possibly legal to help pimps sell kids? Since when is that legal
in the United States of America?" asked Erik Bauer, an attorney in
Tacoma, Washington, who is representing four young women in a lawsuit
against Backpage. They are seeking damages from the site because their
convicted traffickers used it to sell them to johns when they were 7th
and 9th graders.
Besides providing law
enforcement with information about who posts an ad, McDougall says that
Backpage employees watch the site's content closely and send suspicious
ads to the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children.
In
March, for instance, police in Panama City, Florida, arrested two
Illinois men - Dashawn Taylor and Kevin Dante Finley - and charged them
with procuring a minor for prostitution. Police found the two men with a
16-year-old girl at a Panama City hotel after Backpage reported an ad
with a photo of an underage girl to NCMEC's sexual exploitation
CyberTipline.
Still, NCMEC's top online analysis expert said Backpage could do more to stop repeat ads, for instance.
"Mere
reporting has fallen short," said Staca Shehan, executive director of
the center's case analysis division, which oversees the organization's
child sex trafficking team.
And because age is so difficult to verify, even Backpage's allies concede that the system is not perfect.
"There's
no question that kids are going to slip through on some of those ads,"
said Lois Lee. She is the founder and director of Children of the Night,
a residential program in Van Nuys, California, for young people, ages
11 to 17, who are attempting to leave prostitution.
By
the end of this year, Backpage will have donated $700,000 to Children
of the Night since 2012- all of it, Lee said, used to feed, clothe and
educate young women who come to her, often by way of police departments
across the country, many who work with Backpage. The site also runs
public service ads for a Children of the Night rescue hotline.
"You
have to deal with people that are actually in the mix," Lee said,
explaining why she works with Backpage - just as she works with vice
officers and drug-addicted victims fleeing abuse. "None of it is
pretty."
Teens in her program said that if
their traffickers didn't use Backpage, they'd simply use other sites.
And those sites don't always help police, said Snyder in Minneapolis,
noting that he recently tried to get information on a suspected
trafficker from a Canadian ad site that declined to cooperate.
"We
can't shut down the Internet. So are we better off having a strategy
that turns the very tools that (criminals) use to traffic back on them?"
Snyder asked.
Sheriff Dart sees another way -
for credit card companies to withhold payment services from the next
big "entity" that allows escort ads, as they have Backpage.
"We're
never going to eliminate this," the sheriff said. "But what we can do
is to make it more difficult for the criminals who are involved with
this - and make it easier for us to catch them."
